~ Anatomy ~

Definition:
Anatomy is the study of structure of the body and their relationship to one another.

History of anatomy:
http://anatowiki.wetpaint.com/page/History+of+anatomy,+body+regions+%26+landmarks

Herophilus - Anatomy teacher
Galen - Prince Of  Physicians
Vesalius - Reformer Of Anatomy
Leornado da Vinci - one of the greatest anatomists of all the time. He dissected bodies and became intrigued with the structure and function of man. He believed pulling blood out of a body would balance the "humorous".

Sub Divisions:
1. Gross anatomy (macroscopic anatomy)
- The study of the structure of the body and its parts without the use of a microscope.
2. Microscopic anatomy (cytology , histology)
- The study of microscopic structures of tissues and organs.


                                                               Anatomical Regions

Body Cavities
Function: provide protection to organs.

Two major sets of internal body cavities:
1. Dorsal body cavity
- cranial cavity (brain)
- spinal cavity (spinal cord)

2. Ventral body cavity
- thoracic cavity (lungs , heart)
- abdominopelvic cavity (stomach , liver , intestines , reproductive organs , bladder,rectum)

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Organ Systems Of The Body

1. Integumentary System
- Organs: Skin , Hair , Nails
- Functions:

• provides protection to deeper tissues
• regulates body temperature
• prevents waterloss
• helps provides vitamin D

2. Skeletal System

- Organs: bones,ligaments,cartilages,joints

- Functions:

• supports the body in an upright position.
• allows body movements.
• protects other vital organs.
• stores minerals and fats.
• produces blood cells.

3. Muscular system

- Organs: muscles

- Functions: contract or shorten to allow movements.

4. Nervous system

- Organs: brain , spinal cord,nerves,sensory receptors

- Functions: responding to various sensory inputs.